Types of Speech Disorder

Speech Disorder is a term used for any condition that affects a person's ability to produce sounds that create words. It prevents children from producing correct speech sounds. 
Speech Disorders are not the same as language disorders. They are very different from each other as language disorder refers to difficulty with children's understanding and use of spoken and written language, whereas speech disorder is a problem or struggles in producing sounds or words. 

Significant types of Speech Disorder 

• Voice Disorders are described as dysphonia in foreign terminology. Depending on the primary cause, the various types of dysphonia are separated by the specifying adjective. Therefore, a vocal disorder originating from paralysis of the larynx is a paralytical dysphonia. In Voice Disorder, voice has some abnormality that may be hoarseness, harshness, breathy, gravelly or gritty. Further, there are two types of dysphonias: the Habitual Dysphonia & the Psychogenic Dysphonia. Habitual Dysphonia occurs from faulty speaking habits, and Psychogenic Dysphonia originates from emotional causes. 

• Articulatory Disorders are a type of speech disorders that involves difficulties in expressing specific types of sounds. 

1. Cluttering- A strange or weird hindrance, cluttering is characterized by sloppy, erratic, jerky and hasty speech that may somewhat seem to be stuttering but differs from it. 
2. Lisping- Lisping almost belongs to articulatory disorders and usually, has the same causes as articulatory disorders. Lisping occurs in various varieties: with tongue tip between the front teeth, with extreme tongue pressure against teeth, in various snorting and nasal subtypes, with slurping noise in the cheek pouch, etc. 
3. Stuttering or Stammering- It is a type of speech disorder that includes repetition of sounds, syllables or words, prolongation of sounds and interruptions in speech. 

• Dysphasia or Aphasia- Dysphasia is a type of language disorder in which there is a total or partial loss of language. It may cause reading, writing, and gesturing impairments. Aphasia is an inability or impaired ability to understand or produce speech due to brain damage. In actual, aphasia means the loss of memory for the meaning of language and its production. 

• Apraxia- Apraxia is a type of speech disorder that is caused by the damage to those parts of the brain that are related to speaking. 

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